Search results for "Wallerian degeneration"

showing 6 items of 6 documents

The impact of isolated lesions on white-matter fiber tracts in multiple sclerosis patients

2015

Infratentorial lesions have been assigned an equivalent weighting to supratentorial plaques in the new McDonald criteria for diagnosing multiple sclerosis. Moreover, their presence has been shown to have prognostic value for disability. However, their spatial distribution and impact on network damage is not well understood. As a preliminary step in this study, we mapped the overall infratentorial lesion pattern in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients (N = 317) using MRI, finding the pons (lesion density, 14.25/cm3) and peduncles (13.38/cm3) to be predilection sites for infratentorial lesions. Based on these results, 118 fiber bundles from 15 healthy controls and a subgroup of 23 …

AdultPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyWallerian degenerationCognitive Neurosciencelcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informaticsArticlelcsh:RC346-429LesionWhite matterMultiple sclerosisMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-RemittingNerve FibersLSAF left superior arcuate fasciculusFractional anisotropymedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFA fractional anisotropyNAWM normal-appearing white matterLD lesion densitylcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemEAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitisMD mean diffusivitybusiness.industryMultiple sclerosisWhite matterMcDonald criteriaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRD radial diffusivitymedicine.anatomical_structureDiffusion tensor imagingNeurologylcsh:R858-859.7Neurology (clinical)Brainstemmedicine.symptomFunction and Dysfunction of the Nervous SystembusinessBrainstemAD axial diffusivityDiffusion MRIBrain StemICP inferior cerebellar peduncleFractional anisotropyNeuroImage: Clinical
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Color-coded diffusion-tensor-imaging of posterior cingulate fiber tracts in mild cognitive impairment.

2005

Abstract Different processes like microvascular dysfunction, free radical toxicity, β-amyloid deposits, and Wallerian degeneration can cause functionally relevant disturbances of cerebral neuronal networks by myelin degeneration. Color-coded diffusion-tensor-imaging (ccDTI) allows the structural identification and quantification of myelinated fiber tracts. Particularly, posterior cingulate fiber tracts, which are regarded as important neuronal substrates of the network representing memory processing can be localized only imprecisely by conventional magnetic resonance imaging techniques. The posterior cingulate bundles were assessed by ccDTI in 17 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impair…

MaleAgingWallerian degenerationPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychological TestsGyrus CinguliHippocampusNerve Fibers MyelinatedWhite matterAlzheimer DiseasePredictive Value of Testsmental disordersFractional anisotropyNeural PathwaysmedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedDementiaHumansAgedMemory Disordersmedicine.diagnostic_testGeneral NeuroscienceMagnetic resonance imagingMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasemedicine.anatomical_structureDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingnervous systemPosterior cingulateAnisotropyFemaleNeurology (clinical)Geriatrics and GerontologyAlzheimer's diseasePsychologyCognition DisordersNeuroscienceDevelopmental BiologyDiffusion MRINeurobiology of aging
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Bilateral Wallerian degeneration of the medial cerebellar peduncles after ponto-mesencephalic infarction

2003

Three patients with acute large paramedian ponto-mesencephalic infarctions developed a bilateral retrograde degeneration of the medial cerebellar peduncles within 4 months after the insult. In an initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within the first 2 weeks, the medial cerebellar peduncles showed normal intensities, but a control MRI after 4 months showed bright hyperintensities in the T2-TSE weighted images, and moderately increased signal intensities in echo planar imaging-diffusion weighted imaging were seen, possibly representing bilateral Wallerian degeneration of the cerebellar-pontine fibers.

MaleWallerian degenerationPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyRetrograde DegenerationBrain Stem InfarctionsInfarctionCentral nervous system diseasePonsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingAgedmedicine.diagnostic_testEcho-Planar Imagingbusiness.industryMagnetic resonance imagingGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseHyperintensityDiffusion Magnetic Resonance Imagingnervous systemFemaleTomography X-Ray ComputedWallerian DegenerationbusinessEcho planarDiffusion MRIEuropean Journal of Radiology
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Evidence of Wallerian degeneration in normal appearing white matter in the early stages of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis

2003

Objective: Wallerian degeneration in normal appearing white matter in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and its correlation with the number of relapses and disease duration. Background Recent pathological studies have demonstrated Wallerian degeneration in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in multiple sclerosis (MS), in established RRMS, and in chronic MS. However, the presence of Wallerian degeneration early in the disease and its correlation with relapse and with disease duration has not been studied. Methods: We performed proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in 21 MS patients, and 4 healthy controls, age and gender matched, aged under 45 years, with a max…

AdultMaleIn vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopyWallerian degenerationPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyTime FactorsNeurologyAdolescentWhite matterCentral nervous system diseaseMultiple Sclerosis Relapsing-RemittingmedicineHumansAspartic AcidMultiple sclerosisBrainmedicine.diseaseMagnetic Resonance ImagingPonsRadiographymedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyCerebellar peduncleCreatinineFemaleNeurology (clinical)Wallerian DegenerationPsychologyJournal of Neurology
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Chronic Adult Hydrocephalus

1974

Knowledge of Wallerian degeneration began in 1852 and, following experimental research on degeneration and regeneration of interrupted nerves, surgeons realized that reinnervation of end organs depended on growth of axons through the interrupted area of nerve. Therefore surgeons tried to reanastomose the stumps. Failures of reinnervation could not be blamed on lack of axoplasma metabolism and flow from cell body to suture line because the clinical observation of amputation neuromas and their constant recurrence demonstrated the unfailing delivery of axoplasma by the nerve cell body; at times to the deep concern of the surgeon, and the constant pain of the patient. The electron microscope sh…

Wallerian degenerationmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentObstructive hydrocephalusDegeneration (medical)Pressure rangeInternal medicineMedicineNeurochemistryAxonCsf shuntbusiness.industryVentricular dilatationRegeneration (biology)medicine.diseasenervous system diseasesHydrocephalusSurgerymedicine.anatomical_structureAxoplasmAmputationNormal csf pressureCardiologySubarachnoid spacebusinessReinnervation
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The fine structure of de-and reinnervated muscle spindles

1974

Reinnervated muscle spindles in lower lumbrical muscles of rats studied 17 days to 24 months after crushing the sciatic nerve showed a series of alterations which have not been analysed, thus far, by electron microscopy. There was a striking increase of the number of intrafusal muscle fibers seen in approximately 20% of reinnervated spindles. These spindles showed 5–11 intrafusal muscle fibers whereas normal spindles usually contained 3–4 fibers only.

Nerve CrushMuscle spindleMotor nerveSensory systemBasement MembranePathology and Forensic Medicinelaw.inventionCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMuscle pathologyMyofibrilslawmedicineAnimalsMuscle SpindlesMotor NeuronsMuscle DenervationChemistryAnatomySciatic NerveAxonsMuscle DenervationNerve RegenerationRatsMicroscopy ElectronIntercellular Junctionsmedicine.anatomical_structureFemaleSchwann CellsNeurology (clinical)Sciatic nerveElectron microscopeWallerian DegenerationActa Neuropathologica
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